Install Elasticsearch with Debian Package

for Debian, Ubuntu, and other Debian-based systems
需要java环境,请自行准备

官方参考资料：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/deb.html#deb-key
其他版本系统参考资料：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/install-elasticsearch.html

步骤

下载并安装公共签名密钥

1	# wget -qO - https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch \| sudo apt-key add -

你可能需要在Debian安装apt-transport-https:

1	# apt-get install apt-transport-https

将 repository 保存到 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-5.x.list

1	# echo "deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/5.x/apt stable main" \| sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-5.x.list

你可以安装 Debian package Elasticsearch,命令如下:

1	# apt-get update && sudo apt-get install elasticsearch

Elasticsearch v5.4.2 Debian 软件包可以从网站上下载并安装:

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# wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.4.2.deb
# sha1sum elasticsearch-5.4.2.deb
# sudo dpkg -i elasticsearch-5.4.2.deb

配置Elasticsearch随系统启动，运行下面的命令:

1 2	# /bin/systemctl daemon-reload # /bin/systemctl enable elasticsearch.service

Elasticsearch可以按照如下方式启动和停止:

1 2	# systemctl start elasticsearch.service # systemctl stop elasticsearch.service

当系统启用了日志记录，日志记录的信息都可以用journalctl命令:

To tail the journal:

1	# journalctl -f

To list journal entries for the elasticsearch service:

1	# journalctl --unit elasticsearch

To list journal entries for the elasticsearch service starting from a given time:

1	# journalctl --unit elasticsearch --since "2016-10-30 18:17:16"

我的机器是阿里云1c 1G的,启动的时候就报出如下错误

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# Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot alloc
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory.

根据机器配置不同可以修改相对应的参数

1	# vi /etc/elasticsearch/jvm.options

将 -Xms 和 -Xmx 参数修改一下就可以正常启动了
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-Xms256m
-Xmx256m
默认参数是运行在9200端口下的,可以通过如下命令确认:
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# curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/?pretty'
返回结果如下

{
  "name" : "0NcYzNP",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "-QmXkqg6T0uVrUAbNZhggA",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "5.4.2",
    "build_hash" : "929b078",
    "build_date" : "2017-06-15T02:29:28.122Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "6.5.1"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

配置Elasticsearch

Elasticsearch 的默认加载配置路径： /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml .
配置的详细解释可以参考官方文档：elasticsearch

Debian package 也有一个配置文件 (/etc/default/elasticsearch), 允许你配置如下参数:

参数	注释
ES_USER	The user to run as, defaults to elasticsearch
ES_GROUP	The group to run as, defaults to elasticsearch
JAVA_HOME	Set a custom Java path to be used
MAX_OPEN_FILES	Maximum number of open files, defaults to 65536
MAX_LOCKED_MEMORY	Maximum locked memory size. Set to unlimited if you use the bootstrap.memory_lock option in elasticsearch.yml
MAX_MAP_COUNT	Maximum number of memory map areas a process may have. If you use mmapfs as index store type, make sure this is set to a high value. For more information, check the linux kernel documentation about max_map_count. This is set via sysctl before starting elasticsearch. Defaults to 262144
LOG_DIR	Log directory, defaults to /var/log/elasticsearch
DATA_DIR	Data directory, defaults to /var/lib/elasticsearch
CONF_DIR	Configuration file directory (which needs to include elasticsearch.yml and log4j2.properties files), defaults to /etc/elasticsearch
ES_JAVA_OPTS	Any additional JVM system properties you may want to apply
RESTART_ON_UPGRADE	Configure restart on package upgrade, defaults to false. This means you will have to restart your elasticsearch instance after installing a package manually. The reason for this is to ensure, that upgrades in a cluster do not result in a continuous shard reallocation resulting in high network traffic and reducing the response times of your cluster

The Debian package places config files, logs, and the data directory in the appropriate locations for a Debian-based system
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/deb.html#deb-layout

Type	Description	Default Location	Setting
home	Elasticsearch home directory or $ES_HOME	/usr/share/elasticsearch
bin	Binary scripts including elasticsearch to start a node and elasticsearch-plugin to install plugins	/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin
conf	Configuration files including elasticsearch.yml	/etc/elasticsearch	path.conf
conf	Environment variables including heap size, file descriptors	/etc/default/elasticsearch
data	The location of the data files of each index / shard allocated on the node. Can hold multiple locations.	/var/lib/elasticsearch	path.data
logs	Log files location.	/var/log/elasticsearch	path.logs
plugins	Plugin files location. Each plugin will be contained in a subdirectory.	/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins
repo	Shared file system repository locations. Can hold multiple locations. A file system repository can be placed in to any subdirectory of any directory specified here.	Not configured	path.repo
script	Location of script files.	/etc/elasticsearch/scripts	path.scripts